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How do Clickers work?


You acquire a Turning Technologies receiver from Jeremiah Woolsey in Instructional Technology. (csudh.tt.intern@gmail.com or x3705) This is a small device the size of a Flash drive that will plug into the USB port of the computer you are presenting on. Then you install the Turning Point Anywhere software, which allows you to poll your class, and the Turning Key software which allows you to create automatically graded tests like a Scantron. With this suite of software you can use pre-prepared or instant polls in class as well as create tests that are instantly graded.

The students purchase the Clickers (Turning Technologies NXT Response Cards) from the bookstore or from the Turning Technologies website. You order them the same way you would a book or scientific calculator for your class. Once they register their Clicker with Blackboard you will be able to track their participation and attendance using the Clicker. You put a poll question up on the screen and the students respond to it using their Clickers. Then you display the student responses up on the screen to further discussion.

For details on how to use Clickers, check the tutorials on this site or attend one of the monthly Clicker training sessions presented by the Instructional Technology staff (there are extra trainings before the beginning of new semesters).



Beatty, Ian D., and William J. Gerace. 2009. Technology-Enhanced Formative Assessment: A Research-Based Pedagogy for Teaching Science with Classroom Response Technology. Journal of Science Education and Technology 18: 146-162.

Blodgett, Dina L. 2006. The Effects of Implementing an Interactive Student Response System in a College Algebra Classroom. Thesis for Master of Science in Teaching: University of Maine.

Burnstein, Ray A., and Leon M. Lederman. 2003. Comparison of Different Commercial Wireless Keypad Systems. The Physics Teacher 41: 272-275.

Caldwell, Jane E. 2007. Clickers in the Large Classroom: Current Research and Best-Practice Tips. CBE-Life Sciences Education 6(1): 9-20.

Carnaghan, Carla. 2009. Investigating the Effects of Group Response Systems on Learning Outcomes and Satisfaction in Accounting Education. Unpublished paper.

Deal, Ashley. 2007. Classroom Response Systems. Carnegie Mellon University Office of Technology for Education and the Eberly Center for Teaching Excellence.

Crouch, Catherine H., and Eric Mazur. 2001. Peer Instruction: Ten Years of Experience and Results. American Journal of Physics 69(9): 970-977.

Dangel, Harry, and Charles Xiaoxue Wang. 2008. Student Response Systems in Higher Education: Moving Beyond Linear Teaching and Surface Learning. Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange 1(1): 93-104.

Draper, S. W., and M. L. Brown. 2004. Increasing Interactivity in Lectures using an Electronic Voting System. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 20: 81-94.

Fies, Carmen, and Jill Marshall. 2006. Classroom Response Systems: A Review of the Literature. Journal of Science Education and Technology 15(1): 101-109.

The C3 Framework: Evaluating Classroom Response System Interactions in University Classrooms. Journal of Science Education and Technology 17: 483-499.

Graham, Charles R., et al. 2007. Empowering or Compelling Reluctant Participators using Audience Response Systems. Active Learning in Higher Education 8(3): 233-258.

Hake, Richard R. 1997. Interactive-Engagement versus Traditional Methods: A Six-Thousand-Student Survey of Mechanics Test Data for Introductory Physics Courses. American Journal of Physics 66(1): 64-74.

Hanson, Coral Richards. 2007. An Evaluation of a Student Response System Used at Brigham Young University. Thesis for Master of Science: Brigham Young University.

MacArthur, James R., and Loretta L. Jones. 2008. A Review of Literature Reports of Clickers Applicable to College Chemistry Classrooms. Chemistry Education Research and Practice 9: 187-195.

MacGeorge, Erina L., et al. 2008. Student Evaluation of Audience Response Technology in Large Lecture Classes. Educational Technology Research and Development 56: 125-145.

Randolph, Justus J. 2007. Meta-Analysis of the Research on Response Cards: Effects on Test Achievement, Quiz Achievement, Participation, and Off-Task Behavior. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions 9(2): 113-128.

Rice, Ronald E., and Ulla Bunz. 2006. Evaluating a Wireless Course Feedback System: The Role of Demographics, Expertise, Fluency, Competency, and Usage. Studies in Media & Information Literacy Education 6(3): 1-23.

Twetten, Jim, et al. 2007. Successful Clicker Standardization. Educause Quarterly 30(4): 63-67.

Wieman, Carl, et al. 2008. Clicker Resource Guide. Science Education Initiative (University of British Columbia) and the Science Education Initiative (University of Colorado).