Citing your sources not only avoids plagiarism, but gives your paper more credibility by revealing your exploration of research and proving your main points with insights from outside authorities. By following established practices, you assist your reader to comprehend your writing and consider your work more seriously.
To acknowledge your sources in the text of the paper, type the
author's last name and a page number within parentheses at the end of the
sentence that includes the authorís idea or quotation (Parenthetical
Documentation). Using this method, you will only need a List of Works
Cited page at the end of the paper (arranged alphabetically) instead of
the usual Endnotes and Bibliography pages. The following examples
should help guide you, but for specific instructions on creating all forms
of documentation, you should consult the MLA Guidelines.
Examples of Bibliographic Entries in a List of Works Cited
Books:
Clark, Kenneth. What is a Masterpiece? London: Thames, 1979.
Belenky, Mary Field, Blythe Clinchy, Jill Goldberger, and Nancy Tarule.
Womenís Ways of Knowing. New York: Basic, 1986.
Periodical Articles:
Norris, Margot. ìNarration under a Blindfold: Reading Joyceís ëClay.í ì PMLA 102 (1987): 206-15.
Ficaro, Barbara. ìCanterburyís First Dean.î
Sixteenth Century Journal 18.3 (1987): 343-46.
Van Biema, David. ìParodies Regained.î Time
21 Mar. 1994: 46.
Newspapers:
ìThe Odds of March.î Time 15 Apr. 1985: 20+.
Henahan, Donal. Rev. of Rinaldo, by George Frideric Handel. Metropolitan Opera, New York. New York Times 21 Jan. 1984, late ed.: 9.
Collins, Glenn. "Single-Father Survey finds Adjustment a Problem."
New York Times 21 Nov. 1983, late ed.: B17.
Televised Broadcasts:
Dickens, Charles. The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickelby. Adapt. David Edgar. Dir. Trevor Nunn and John Caird. With Roger Rees and Emily
Richard. Royal Shakespeare Co. Mobil Showcase Network.
WNEW, New
York. 10-13 Jan. 1983.
Productions:
Hamlet. By William Shakespeare. Dir. John Gielgud.
With Richard Burton. Shubert Theatre, Boston. 4 Mar. 1964.
Electronic Sources
Model:
Authorís name (last name first). document title.
Date of Internet publication. <URL> or other retrieval information
(Date of access).
CD-ROM:
ìCommunion.î The Oxford English Dictionary.
2nd ed. CD-ROM. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1992.
Web Site:
Shade, Leslie R. ìGender Issues in Computer Networking.î
1993. <http://
www.mit.edu:8001/people/sorokin/women/lrs.html> (28 May
1996).
Email:
Frankel, Norman. <frankel@llnl.gov> ìSoundApp
2.0.2.î 29 Apr. 1996. Personal email. (3 May 1996).
HyperNews posting:
LaLiberte, Daniel. <liberte@ncsa.uiuc.edu> ìHyperNews
Instructions.î 23 May 1996. <http://union.ncsa.uiuc.edu/HyperNews/get/hypernews
/instructions.html> (24 May 1996).
Newsgroup message without author name:
<lrm583@aol.com> ìThinking of Adoption.î
26 May 1996. <alt.adoption> (29 May 1996).
Listserve message:
Parente, Victor. <vrparent@mailbox.syr.edu> ìOn
Expecttations of Class Participation.î 27 May 1996. <philosed@sued.syr.edu>
(29 May 1996).
Telnet Site:
Aquatic Conservation Network. ìAbout the Aquatic Conservation
Network.î National Capital Freenet. telnet freenet.carleton.ca
login as guest, go acn, press 1 (28 May 1996).
FTP Site:
Altar, Ted W. ìVitamin B!@ and Vegans.î 14
Jan. 1993. ftp wiretap.spies.com Library/Article/Food/b12.txt
(28 May 1996).
Linkage Data for Hypertext Context:
Miller, Allison. ìAllison Millerís Home Page.î
Lkd. EKU Honors Program Home Page, at ìPersonal Pages.î
<http://www.csc.eku.edu/honors> (2 April 1996).
Also, check out the Online Homepage for any questions about documentation!
Some Research Tools
Encyclopedias:
The Oxford Companion to the Theatre, Phyllis Hartknoll - PN2035
H3 1967
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama - PN1625 M3
Reviews:
Modern Drama, Adelman and Dworkin - PN1861 A3
New York Theatre Critic's Reviews - PN1601 N4
The New York Times Theatre Reviews
Current Theatre Periodicals:
American Theatre
Educational Theatre Journal
The Drama Review
General Sources:
History of the Theatre. Oscar Brockett.
Theatre Pictorial. George Altman et al.
A History of the Theatre. Bamber Gasgoine.
Masters of the Drama. John Gassner.
A Concise History of the Theatre. Phyllis Hartnoll.
The Oxford Companion to the Theatre. Phyllis Hartnoll.
The Making of Theatre History. Paul Kuritz.
Sources of Theatrical History. Alois Nagler.
The Development of the Theatre. Allarydce Nicoll.
World Drama. Allarydice Nicoll.
On Stage. Vera Mowry Roberts