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Child labor was of major concern as the U.S. grew into industrialization. Children who had once worked hard, but relatively safely in the fields were now subjected to the dangers of machinery in the factories. As each state tried to enact child safety laws and prohibit child labor, other states clamored for their market share, forcing them back to allowing child labor. Finally, the federal government stepped in with the Interstate Commerce Clause, making it illegal to ship goods across state lines if the goods were made by child labor. Now, as we shift to global markets, and as there is no international legal group with the power to enforce the prohibition of child labor, what issues will we once again face in this matter. This paper reviews historical parallels.

Susan, Dolly and students, Writing for an abstract isn't quite writing for a lecture. Here, in response to Michael's questions, I want to be sure I've said what we mean clearly and simply:

As I understand our discussions:

• Children are indeed an interest of the state, even though that state may be international.

• Past history shows the resilience of market share and profits in face of injury and death to children.

• What is the likelihood of powerful organizations taking on responsibility for children? Just some children? Or all children? What about public/private sphere concerns in the different cultures?

• Who shall govern long term over short term concerns?

Who Was Iqbal Masih? See alsoSchool for Iqbal

Archives on child labor in LA Times

Stolen Dreams
Gallery of photographs of children's work across the world, designed to make us more aware of the effects on their health.

About Child Labor
U.S. Department of Labor's description of child labor standards world-wide.

U.S. Executive Order: "Prohibition of Acquisition of Products Produced by Forced or Indentured Child Labor"

Additional links