True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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1.
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To become data, information is manipulated through tabulation, addition,
subtraction, division, or any other operation that leads to greater understanding of a
situation.
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2.
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Increasingly, companies are implementing open information systems that can be
linked to other systems owned by business partners such as suppliers and clients.
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3.
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Input is the information an IS produces and displays in the format most useful
to an organization.
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4.
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Transaction processing systems (TPSs) are the most widely used information
systems.
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5.
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Many ERP systems are used by service representatives in combination with a
telephone.
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6.
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ISs whose purpose is to glean from raw data relationships and trends that might
help organizations compete better are called business intelligence (BI) systems.
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7.
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GISs are often used to manage daily operations as well as for planning and
decision making.
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8.
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While accounting systems focus on recording and reporting financial changes and
states, the purpose of marketing systems is to facilitate financial planning and business
transactions.
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9.
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Although many information systems are built to solve problems, many others are
built to seize opportunities.
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10.
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Practically any Web-based system that gives a company competitive advantage is a
strategic information system.
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11.
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Instead of differentiating a product or service, an organization might actually
add to the product or service to increase its value to the consumer.
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12.
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The reengineering process makes it possible to determine how much each change
contributed to the organization’s improved position.
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13.
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Being on the bleeding edge often means that implementation costs are
significantly higher than anticipated.
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14.
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Human Resources ISs are used extensively for managerial purposes, assisting in
organizing quarterly and annual budgets for departments, divisions, and entire corporations.
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15.
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Material requirements planning (MRP) programs use long-range forecasts to put
long-lead material on order.
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16.
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The most important development in software to support SCM has been a technology
called radio frequency identification (RFID).
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17.
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Modern CRM systems can help capture the entire customer experience with an
organization, from response to an online advertisement to automatic replenishment of products, to
proactive service.
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18.
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With newer technology, such as RFID, you will be aware of who and when
information is collected about you.
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19.
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Hardware, in computer terms, refers to the physical components of the
computer.
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20.
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Input devices, most commonly computer monitors and printers, deliver information
from the computer to a person.
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21.
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New processor-making technologies let engineers increase the processing speed of
computers while enabling computers to use less energy and give off less heat.
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22.
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The control unit is the part of the CPU where all arithmetic and logic
operations take place.
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23.
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All other things being equal, the greater the clock rate, the faster the
machine, because it can fetch, decode, execute, and store more instructions per second.
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24.
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The Mac OS and Windows Vista operating systems include a voice recognition
feature.
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25.
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The most widely used storage medium is the optical disc.
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26.
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There are three major categories of software: application software, system
software, and operation software.
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27.
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The only language that computer hardware understands is a series of electrical
signals that represent bits and bytes.
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28.
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Project management tools enable the creation and manipulation of local or shared
databases.
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29.
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Compilers and interpreters are classified as system software.
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30.
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When a line is capable of carrying multiple transmissions simultaneously, it is
said to be broadband.
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31.
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Optical fibers can carry signals over relatively shorter distances compared to
other media.
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32.
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A peer-to-peer LAN is one in which no central device controls
communications.
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33.
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You will find a WLAN in almost every warehouse.
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34.
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Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) functions similarly to
cell phone communications, because it controls communication from stationary towers.
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35.
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Object-oriented databases (ODBs) do not store records, but data objects, which
is an advantage for quick updates of data sets and the relationships among them.
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36.
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A schema describes the structure of the database being designed: the names and
types of fields in each record type and the general relationships among different sets of records or
files.
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37.
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There are two phases involved in building a data warehouse from transactional
data: extraction and transforming.
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38.
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Instant messaging (IM) offers users real-time online interactivity.
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39.
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Cookies are always temporary; they are installed only for one session, and are
removed when the user leaves the site.
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40.
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The majority of problems in the business world are structured.
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41.
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A DSS might use a database created specially for that system, but DSSs are
usually linked to databases used for other purposes as well, such as purchasing, shipping, billing,
and other daily transactions.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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42.
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Simply put, a ____ is an array of components that work together to achieve a
common goal, or multiple goals, by accepting input, processing it, and producing output in an
organized manner.
a. | plan | c. | project | b. | process | d. | system |
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43.
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A(n) ____ interfaces and interacts with other systems.
a. | closed system | c. | initial system | b. | final system | d. | open system |
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44.
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Several trends have made the use of ____ very important in business; among them,
the variety and ingenuity of computer programs have increased.
a. | data maps | c. | information systems | b. | information lists | d. | total systems |
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45.
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The term “____” refers to the sequence of activities involved in
producing a product or service.
a. | activity board | c. | supply board | b. | activity chain | d. | supply chain |
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46.
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The word “strategy” originates from the Greek word strategos,
meaning “____.”
a. | ahead | c. | task | b. | general | d. | vision |
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47.
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Establishing high ____ often locks in customers.
a. | service edges | c. | switching margins | b. | standard costs | d. | switching costs |
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48.
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The Web has generated ____ that would probably never be created offline.
a. | affiliate jobs | c. | strategic jobs | b. | affiliate moves | d. | strategic
alliances |
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49.
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____ is determined by the relationship between resources expended and the
benefits gained in achieving a goal.
a. | Efficiency | c. | Productivity | b. | Effectiveness | d. | Enhancement |
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50.
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____ specifically refers to the efficiency of human resources.
a. | Efficiency | c. | Enhancement | b. | Productivity | d. | Effectiveness |
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51.
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The goal of financial managers, including ____ and treasurers, is to manage an
organization’s money as efficiently as possible.
a. | controllers | c. | project managers | b. | auditors | d. | supervisors |
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52.
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In its fundamental form, a ____ consists of three phases: procurement of raw
materials, processing the materials into intermediate and finished goods, and delivery of the goods
to customers.
a. | supply chain | c. | supply link | b. | sales chain | d. | sales link |
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53.
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While ____ participate in physical activities such as cutting and welding, other
information systems help to plan and monitor manufacturing.
a. | CAD systems | c. | CAM systems | b. | ERP systems | d. | CRM systems |
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54.
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Successful MRP II systems have made a significant contribution to ____
manufacturing, where suppliers ship parts directly to assembly lines, saving the cost of warehousing
raw materials, parts, and subassemblies.
a. | quality | c. | just-in-time (JIT) | b. | ahead-of-time (AOT) | d. | productivity |
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55.
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____ help to find the populations and regions that are most likely to purchase a
new product or service.
a. | Process research systems | c. | Process systems | b. | Market research
systems | d. | Expert systems
(ESs) |
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56.
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Computer telephony integration (CTI) is a technique enabling a computer to use
the digital signal coming through a telephone line as ____ in a computer system.
a. | output | c. | identification | b. | input | d. | feedback |
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57.
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____, also called main memory or primary memory, is located near the CPU and
stores data and instructions just before and immediately after the CPU processes them.
a. | External storage | c. | ROM | b. | ALU | d. | Internal memory |
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58.
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In recent years we have experienced an increasing trend of ____, building
several technologies into a single piece of hardware.
a. | technology convergence | c. | parallel technology | b. | computer convergence | d. | technology
resurgence |
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59.
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The ____ is the maximum number of bits that the control unit can fetch from
primary memory in one machine cycle.
a. | character | c. | data word | b. | byte | d. | bit |
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60.
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Two qualities to check when purchasing a laser or ink-jet printer are speed,
measured in ____, and density, measured in dots per inch (DPI).
a. | characters per second (cps) | c. | pages per minute
(PPM) | b. | words per minute (wpm) | d. | Kbytes per second (Kbps) |
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61.
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There are two basic types of access modes in data storage: ____ and direct
(random) access.
a. | selective | c. | haphazard | b. | indirect | d. | sequential |
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62.
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While the great capacity and low cost of CDs are appealing, the ____ of magnetic
hard disks is still significantly better than that of CDs and their faster relatives, DVDs.
a. | durability | c. | reliability | b. | transfer rate | d. | portability |
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63.
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Programs designed to perform specific jobs, such as calculating and executing a
company’s payroll, are collectively called ____.
a. | application-specific software | c. | operating system
software | b. | general-purpose application software | d. | utility
software |
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64.
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Spreadsheets and word processors are ____.
a. | application-specific applications | c. | super
applications | b. | general-purpose applications | d. | universal
applications |
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65.
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Programs that can handle many different types of data are called ____.
a. | supermedia software | c. | packaged software | b. | multisoftware | d. | multimedia
software |
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66.
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The purpose of ____ is to manage computer resources and perform routine tasks
that are not specific to any application.
a. | system languages | c. | production tools | b. | production software | d. | system software |
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67.
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The ____ mediates between applications and the computer, and controls peripheral
devices.
a. | operating system | c. | 4GL | b. | utility system | d. | application
software |
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68.
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NetWare and ____ are popular network operating systems that are compatible with
clients running DOS, all versions of Windows, and Mac OS.
a. | Windows XP Professional | c. | Windows CE | b. | MS
DOS | d. | Windows
Server |
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69.
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While operating systems are the most prevalent type of system software, other
types of system programs include compilers and ____, communications software, and utilities.
a. | programmers | c. | coders | b. | debuggers | d. | interpreters |
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70.
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____ is the best known open source operating system.
a. | Solaris | c. | Windows XP | b. | Linux | d. | Mac OS X |
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71.
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____ takes several forms, such as a fee per user per year, or a site license for
a limited or unlimited use regardless of how many users use the software.
a. | Distributing | c. | Licensing | b. | Dealing | d. | Sourcing |
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72.
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When a call is placed on a cellular phone, the signal is first transmitted to
the closest ____, which sends a signal through landlines that dial the desired phone number.
a. | transistor | c. | transceiver | b. | cell band | d. | cell transistor |
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73.
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Businesses use ____ to save on travel costs and lodging, car fleets, and the
time of highly salaried employees, whether they work in different organizations or at different sites
of the same organization.
a. | videoconferencing | c. | graphicsconferencing | b. | videocommuting | d. | graphic
communications |
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74.
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When a communications medium can carry only one transmission at a time, it is
known as ____.
a. | broadband | c. | baseband | b. | longwave | d. | shortwave |
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75.
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____ is a popular medium for connecting computers and networking devices because
it is relatively flexible, reliable, and low cost.
a. | Coaxial cable | c. | Twinaxial cable | b. | Twisted pair cable | d. | Optical fiber |
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76.
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____ are high-frequency radio waves that can carry signals over long distances
with high accuracy.
a. | Microwaves | c. | Ultraviolet | b. | Shortwaves | d. | Infrared |
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77.
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____ connect computers, printers, and other computer equipment for an office,
several adjacent offices, an entire building or a campus.
a. | MANs (metropolitan area networks) | c. | LANs (local area
networks) | b. | WANs (wide area networks) | d. | PANs (personal area networks) |
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78.
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____ span a greater distance than LANs and usually have more complicated
networking equipment for midrange communications.
a. | WANs (wide area networks) | c. | peer-to-peer
LANs | b. | MANs (metropolitan area networks) | d. | PANs (personal area
networks) |
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79.
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____ fulfill organizational needs for reliable data communications while
relieving the organization of the burden of providing its own network management and
maintenance.
a. | WLANs | c. | MANs | b. | VANs | d. | WANs |
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80.
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A ____ is a group of bits transmitted together.
a. | switch | c. | packet | b. | router | d. | modem |
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81.
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The most important and pervasive set of protocols for telecommunications and
networks today is called ____.
a. | SDLC | c. | TCP/IP | b. | FTP | d. | NNTP |
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82.
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____ is known as a contention-based protocol, because devices on the network
“contend” with other devices on the network for transmission time.
a. | Ethernet | c. | Wi-Fi | b. | Internet | d. | IEEE 802.11 |
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83.
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____ allow Internet access to anyone within range who uses a wireless-equipped
device, provided logging in is not limited by controlled access codes.
a. | Hotspots | c. | APs | b. | Hotpoints | d. | VPNs |
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84.
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____ allows reception at a much faster rate than transmission, that is, it is
faster downstream than upstream.
a. | Digital subscriber line (DSL) | c. | Symmetric DSL
(SDSL) | b. | Asymmetric DSL (ADSL) | d. | RADSL (Rate Adaptive DSL) |
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85.
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____ is a standard for software that digitizes and compresses voice signals and
transmits the bits via the Internet link.
a. | VoIP | c. | IRC | b. | SoIP | d. | TCP/IP |
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86.
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There are two overall approaches to maintaining data: the traditional file
approach—which has no mechanism for tagging, retrieving, and manipulating data—and the
____, which does have this mechanism.
a. | database approach | c. | datafile approach | b. | data approach | d. | indexed file
approach |
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87.
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Often, the traditional file approach to storing data leads to low ____.
a. | data readability | c. | data integrity | b. | data flexibility | d. | data capacity |
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88.
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In the database approach, data pieces are organized about ____.
a. | indexes | c. | programs | b. | characters | d. | entities |
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89.
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A ____ is the general logical structure in which records are stored within a
database and the method used to establish relationships among the records.
a. | database relationship | c. | database list | b. | database model | d. | database
catalog |
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90.
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A ____ is the field by which records in a table are uniquely identified.
a. | secondary key | c. | primary key | b. | composite key | d. | main key |
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91.
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Many ____ also allow a builder to positively indicate when a field is not
unique, meaning that the value in that field might be the same for more than one record.
a. | languages | c. | models | b. | DBMSs | d. | structures |
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92.
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A secure version of the HTTP protocol for confidential transactions is
____.
a. | HTTPS (HTTP Secure) | c. | HTTPSc (HTTP Secure condition) | b. | SHHTTP (Secure host
HTTP) | d. | HTTPSt (HTTP Secure
transaction) |
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93.
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____ determines the look and location of text, pictures, animations, and other
elements on a Web page.
a. | Extensible Language (XL) | c. | Extensible Markup Language
(XML) | b. | Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) | d. | Hypertext Language
(HTL) |
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94.
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While blogging is publishing text and other visual material, ____ is publishing
sound and video.
a. | casting | c. | video conferencing | b. | posting | d. | podcasting |
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95.
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Online advertising is done mainly in two ways: through ____ and through
banners.
a. | e-mail | c. | spam | b. | search engines | d. | newsgroups |
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96.
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A(n) ____ is a network used only by the employees of an organization.
a. | extranet | c. | internet | b. | intranet | d. | supranet |
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97.
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Most hosting companies offer the use of a combination of software popularly
called LAMP, which is an acronym: Linux for operating system, ____, MySQL for DBMS, and PHP or Python
or Perl for developing dynamic Web pages.
a. | Acrobat for Web reader | c. | Access for database | b. | Adobe for server management
software | d. | Apache for server
management software |
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98.
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The emergence of the Web as a global medium for information exchange has made it
an important vehicle for both business-to-business (B2B) and ____.
a. | n-commerce | c. | d-commerce | b. | business-to-consumer (B2C)
commerce | d. | business-to-carrier (B2C) commerce |
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99.
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Organizations must plan and carefully design their global sites so that they
also cater to local needs and preferences, a process sometimes called ____.
a. | globalization | c. | socialization | b. | localization | d. | glocalization |
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100.
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Differences in ____ must be considered when integrating ISs internationally,
even within the same company.
a. | standards | c. | programming languages | b. | computer
brands | d. | storage
availability |
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101.
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To countries that have been subjected to a ruthless occupation, ____ is less
important than preventing offenses.
a. | free trade | c. | free commerce | b. | free speech | d. | free software |
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102.
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____ is an international organization that monitors governments and commercial
organizations around the world for violations of privacy.
a. | Universal Privacy(UP) | c. | Amnesty International (AI) | b. | Privacy
International (PI) | d. | Universal Amnesty |
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103.
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The majority of DSSs comprise three major components: a data management module,
a model management module, and a ____.
a. | full management module | c. | dialog module | b. | global module | d. | diagram module |
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104.
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When organizations use a supply chain management (SCM) or ____, the databases of
such systems provide the data for the DSS.
a. | document management system(DMS) | b. | customer relationship management (CRM)
system | c. | geographic information system (GIS) | d. | global positioning system
(GPS) |
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105.
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An increasing amount of ____ in the financial services and many other industries
are made automatically and in real time.
a. | data automation | c. | decision agenda | b. | materials management | d. | decision making |
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106.
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Data warehouses could be regarded as a type of ____,
where the data is the ore, and new useful information is the precious find.
a. | vault | c. | diamond | b. | mine | d. | wheel |
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107.
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One objective of data mining is ____, the discovering of patterns in data that can lead to reasonable
predictions.
a. | seeding | c. | forecasting | b. | producing | d. | recovering |
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108.
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To ensure a steady flow of customer data into their
____, companies in almost every industry operate customer loyalty programs similar to the original
frequent flier programs.
a. | data dictionaries | c. | expert systems | b. | data
warehouses | d. | KM
systems |
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109.
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OLAP applications are usually installed on a special
server that communicates with both the user’s computer and the server or servers that contain a
data warehouse or ____.
a. | house databases | c. | nondimensional databases | b. | crossdimensional
databases | d. | dimensional databases |
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110.
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A major effort of most businesses, especially retail
businesses, is to collect ____ about customers.
a. | artificial intelligence | c. | personal information | b. | business
intelligence | d. | knowledge management parameters |
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111.
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A(n) ____ is a paragraph that communicates the most important overarching goal
of the organization for the next few years.
a. | short-term objective | c. | mission statement | b. | objective | d. | mid-term
objective |
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112.
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Systems development generally is conducted in two approaches: the ____ and
nontraditional methods.
a. | systems full cycle (SFC) | c. | systems circuit
(SC) | b. | IT development cycle (ITDC) | d. | systems development life cycle (SDLC) |
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113.
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The objective of a larger ____ is to determine whether the proposed system is
feasible technically, economically, and operationally.
a. | investigation team | c. | search team | b. | research team | d. | quest team |
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114.
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____ are the functions that the system is expected to fulfill and the features
through which it will perform its tasks.
a. | IT requirements | c. | Job functions | b. | System functions | d. | System
requirements |
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115.
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Although ____ is viewed by IS professionals as lacking in glamour, it should not
be taken lightly or left to less-experienced professionals.
a. | systems analysis | c. | maintenance | b. | database design | d. | executive
training |
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116.
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There are generally four alternatives to in-house development: ____, licensing,
using software as a service (SaaS), and having users develop the system.
a. | outsourcing | c. | tracking | b. | resourcing | d. | supplying |
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117.
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An important downside is that ____ software is less likely to be compatible with
other organizations’ systems.
a. | licensed | c. | purchased | b. | open-source | d. | custom-designed |
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118.
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Professional IS firms often pay discounted prices for ____ tools and other
resources, based on volume purchases; they can pass these savings on to their clients.
a. | CASE (computer-aided software engineering) | b. | CAD (computer-aided
design) | c. | CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) | d. | 2GL |
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119.
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The project manager sends a ____ to the vendors identified, requesting general,
somewhat informal information about a product.
a. | request for proposal (RFP) | c. | request for comments
(RFC) | b. | request for quotation (RFQ) | d. | request for information (RFI) |
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120.
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The “____” approach seems to be attracting a growing clientele of
mainly small and medium corporations, but some large ones also prefer this option.
a. | software on demand | c. | software full-time | b. | software part-time | d. | office on
demand |
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121.
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A ____ is a server that contains a mirrored copy of a production database (a
database that is used for business operations), or one with invalid records.
a. | honeytoken | c. | bogus server | b. | phish | d. | honeypot |
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122.
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One way to protect against viruses is to use ____, which is readily available on
the market from companies that specialize in developing this kind of software, such as Symantec and
McAfee.
a. | antiphish software | c. | antivirus software | b. | security worms | d. | secure viruses |
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123.
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Employees are especially annoyed when they have to remember a different password
for every system they use, a simpler solution is an approach called ____.
a. | one-ID | c. | multiple encryption | b. | SP (single password) | d. | SSO (single
sign-on) |
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124.
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CIOs often find the tasks of earmarking funds for ____ difficult because they
cannot show the return on investment (ROI) of such planning.
a. | backup programs | c. | archival programs | b. | disaster recovery programs | d. | database security
programs |
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125.
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Managers should focus on the asset they must protect, which in most cases is
____, not applications.
a. | hardware | c. | information | b. | software | d. | systems |
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